Dr. Zdzislaw P. Wesolowski is Professor of Business and Economics at Florida Memorial College in Miami, Florida. His academic background consists of four academic degrees in management and economics and administration, which he received from Stat...

GENERAL It is gratifying to see victims of Nazi German WWII atrocities starting to be compensated for their suffering after 54 years of the end of World War II. The compensation for suffering im-posed upon the Polish people by the Soviet Unio...

The Polish armed forces have a glorious and honorable history! Polish armies twice decisively defeated the renowned Teutonic Knights in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The Husaria, the famed ?winged horsemen? under King Jan Sobieski, relieve...

Poland emerged from historically obscure origins as a sovereign nation state in the latter half of the 10th century. Under the leadership of Mieszko I a number of fiercely independent groups of Slavic peoples were fused by conquest and diplomacy in...

There are few times in our lives when human beings appear who incorporate all of the flamboyance, courage, and virtue that we all aspire to within ourselves, particularly as during the chaotic and dangerous years of World War II. The combination of t...

FAKE POLISH WWI VICTORY MEDAL
Today on the internet many dealers are offering for sale to unknowing Polish militaria collectors a Polish WWI Victory Medal. Collectors and military historians should be aware that there never was an offi...

The Abbey at Monte Cassino is one of the most famous abbeys in Europe. It was founded by Saint Benedict of Nursia in 529 AD on the former site of the temple of Apollo. It is located 75 miles southeast of Rome. The abbey stands at an altitude of 1,...

The origin of interest in military history and decorations comes from many directions. Collectors, military historians and former servicemen represent the majority of individuals with interest in decorations. However, many other individuals develop a...

Military scholars interested in Polish Orders, especially the Virtuti Militari, the highest honor awarded during a time of War for personal bravery, have always wondered why there are irregularities in the disposition of the Order, especially in the ...

On the Polish collectors militaria market today we can find up to 90% of items to be fake or reproductions. There are several reasons for this state of affairs which is unknown by an average Polish militaria collector. The first reason is that P...